This tutorial explores using TMY data as inputs to different plane of array diffuse irradiance models.
This tutorial requires pvlib > 0.6.0.
Authors:
See the tmy_to_power
tutorial for more detailed explanations for the initial setup
# built-in python modules
import os
import inspect
# scientific python add-ons
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
# plotting stuff
# first line makes the plots appear in the notebook
%matplotlib inline
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# finally, we import the pvlib library
import pvlib
# Find the absolute file path to your pvlib installation
pvlib_abspath = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(inspect.getfile(pvlib)))
# absolute path to a data file
datapath = os.path.join(pvlib_abspath, 'data', '703165TY.csv')
# read tmy data with year values coerced to a single year
tmy_data, meta = pvlib.iotools.read_tmy3(datapath, coerce_year=2015)
tmy_data.index.name = 'Time'
# TMY data seems to be given as hourly data with time stamp at the end
# shift the index 30 Minutes back for calculation of sun positions
tmy_data = tmy_data.shift(freq='-30Min')['2015']
tmy_data.GHI.plot()
plt.ylabel('Irradiance (W/m**2)');
tmy_data.DHI.plot()
plt.ylabel('Irradiance (W/m**2)');
surface_tilt = 30
surface_azimuth = 180 # pvlib uses 0=North, 90=East, 180=South, 270=West convention
albedo = 0.2
# create pvlib Location object based on meta data
sand_point = pvlib.location.Location(meta['latitude'], meta['longitude'], tz='US/Alaska',
altitude=meta['altitude'], name=meta['Name'].replace('"',''))
print(sand_point)
Location: name: SAND POINT latitude: 55.317 longitude: -160.517 altitude: 7.0 tz: US/Alaska
solpos = pvlib.solarposition.get_solarposition(tmy_data.index, sand_point.latitude, sand_point.longitude)
solpos.plot();
# the extraradiation function returns a simple numpy array
# instead of a nice pandas series. We will change this
# in a future version
dni_extra = pvlib.irradiance.get_extra_radiation(tmy_data.index)
dni_extra = pd.Series(dni_extra, index=tmy_data.index)
dni_extra.plot()
plt.ylabel('Extra terrestrial radiation (W/m**2)');
airmass = pvlib.atmosphere.get_relative_airmass(solpos['apparent_zenith'])
airmass.plot()
plt.ylabel('Airmass');
Make an empty pandas DataFrame for the results.
diffuse_irrad = pd.DataFrame(index=tmy_data.index)
models = ['Perez', 'Hay-Davies', 'Isotropic', 'King', 'Klucher', 'Reindl']
diffuse_irrad['Perez'] = pvlib.irradiance.perez(surface_tilt,
surface_azimuth,
dhi=tmy_data.DHI,
dni=tmy_data.DNI,
dni_extra=dni_extra,
solar_zenith=solpos.apparent_zenith,
solar_azimuth=solpos.azimuth,
airmass=airmass)
diffuse_irrad['Hay-Davies'] = pvlib.irradiance.haydavies(surface_tilt,
surface_azimuth,
dhi=tmy_data.DHI,
dni=tmy_data.DNI,
dni_extra=dni_extra,
solar_zenith=solpos.apparent_zenith,
solar_azimuth=solpos.azimuth)
diffuse_irrad['Isotropic'] = pvlib.irradiance.isotropic(surface_tilt,
dhi=tmy_data.DHI)
diffuse_irrad['King'] = pvlib.irradiance.king(surface_tilt,
dhi=tmy_data.DHI,
ghi=tmy_data.GHI,
solar_zenith=solpos.apparent_zenith)
diffuse_irrad['Klucher'] = pvlib.irradiance.klucher(surface_tilt, surface_azimuth,
dhi=tmy_data.DHI,
ghi=tmy_data.GHI,
solar_zenith=solpos.apparent_zenith,
solar_azimuth=solpos.azimuth)
diffuse_irrad['Reindl'] = pvlib.irradiance.reindl(surface_tilt,
surface_azimuth,
dhi=tmy_data.DHI,
dni=tmy_data.DNI,
ghi=tmy_data.GHI,
dni_extra=dni_extra,
solar_zenith=solpos.apparent_zenith,
solar_azimuth=solpos.azimuth)
Calculate yearly, monthly, daily sums.
yearly = diffuse_irrad.resample('A').sum().dropna().squeeze() / 1000.0 # kWh
monthly = diffuse_irrad.resample('M', kind='period').sum() / 1000.0
daily = diffuse_irrad.resample('D').sum() / 1000.0
ax = diffuse_irrad.plot(title='In-plane diffuse irradiance', alpha=.75, lw=1)
ax.set_ylim(0, 800)
ylabel = ax.set_ylabel('Diffuse Irradiance [W]')
plt.legend();
diffuse_irrad.describe()
Perez | Hay-Davies | Isotropic | King | Klucher | Reindl | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
count | 8760.000000 | 8760.000000 | 8760.000000 | 8760.000000 | 8760.000000 | 4578.000000 |
mean | 55.398143 | 52.457636 | 49.094681 | 53.067042 | 53.610788 | 100.774025 |
std | 80.439197 | 75.436304 | 72.134083 | 76.340191 | 78.795999 | 78.355679 |
min | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
25% | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 39.151044 |
50% | 3.732051 | 4.114161 | 3.732051 | 4.009573 | 3.732051 | 87.163898 |
75% | 95.389001 | 91.217201 | 81.172105 | 91.749845 | 90.879727 | 145.523600 |
max | 580.694617 | 533.102519 | 523.420126 | 538.809780 | 544.508380 | 535.970735 |
diffuse_irrad.dropna().plot(kind='density');
Daily
ax_daily = daily.tz_convert('UTC').plot(title='Daily diffuse irradiation')
ylabel = ax_daily.set_ylabel('Irradiation [kWh]')
Monthly
ax_monthly = monthly.plot(title='Monthly average diffuse irradiation', kind='bar')
ylabel = ax_monthly.set_ylabel('Irradiation [kWh]')
Yearly
yearly.plot(kind='barh');
Compute the mean deviation from measured for each model and display as a function of the model
mean_yearly = yearly.mean()
yearly_mean_deviation = (yearly - mean_yearly) / yearly * 100.0
yearly_mean_deviation.plot(kind='bar');