First, we'll define the Faces and Pieces.
%matplotlib inline
from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap,BoundaryNorm
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
class Face:
RED = 0#'RED'
BLUE = 1#'BLUE'
WHITE = 2#'WHITE'
ORANGE = 3#'ORANGE'
GREEN = 4#'GREEN'
YELLOW = 5#'YELLOW'
class Piece:
mod = 1
def __init__(self, faces):
self.f = faces
self.o = 0
def add_orient(self, num):
self.o = (self.o + num) % self.mod
def ori(self):
return self.o
def faces(self):
return self.f
class Corner(Piece):
mod = 3
class Edge(Piece):
mod = 2
class Middle(Piece):
mod = 1
position = []
def reset_cube():
try:
Move.count = 0
except:
pass
position = [Piece([])]
position.append(Corner([Face.RED, Face.BLUE, Face.YELLOW]))
position.append(Edge([Face.RED, Face.BLUE]))
position.append(Corner([Face.RED, Face.WHITE, Face.BLUE]))
position.append(Edge([Face.RED, Face.YELLOW]))
position.append(Middle([Face.RED]))
position.append(Edge([Face.RED, Face.WHITE]))
position.append(Corner([Face.RED, Face.YELLOW, Face.GREEN]))
position.append(Edge([Face.RED, Face.GREEN]))
position.append(Corner([Face.RED, Face.GREEN, Face.WHITE]))
position.append(Edge([Face.BLUE, Face.YELLOW]))
position.append(Middle([Face.BLUE]))
position.append(Edge([Face.BLUE, Face.WHITE]))
position.append(Middle([Face.YELLOW]))
position.append(Piece([]))
position.append(Middle([Face.WHITE]))
position.append(Edge([Face.GREEN, Face.YELLOW]))
position.append(Middle([Face.GREEN]))
position.append(Edge([Face.GREEN, Face.WHITE]))
position.append(Corner([Face.ORANGE, Face.YELLOW, Face.BLUE]))
position.append(Edge([Face.ORANGE, Face.BLUE]))
position.append(Corner([Face.ORANGE, Face.BLUE, Face.WHITE]))
position.append(Edge([Face.ORANGE, Face.YELLOW]))
position.append(Middle([Face.ORANGE]))
position.append(Edge([Face.ORANGE, Face.WHITE]))
position.append(Corner([Face.ORANGE, Face.GREEN, Face.YELLOW]))
position.append(Edge([Face.ORANGE, Face.GREEN]))
position.append(Corner([Face.ORANGE, Face.WHITE, Face.GREEN]))
return position
position = reset_cube()
Next up, the different Sides and how they interact with Pieces.
class Side:
pieces = []
side = []
cmap = ListedColormap(['red', 'blue', 'white', 'orange', 'green', 'yellow'])
norm = BoundaryNorm([0,1,2,3,4,5,6], cmap.N)
fig_num = 0
@classmethod
def view_side(self):
output = []
for i in range(len(self.pieces)):
x = position[self.pieces[i]]
output.append(x.faces()[(x.ori() + self.side[i]) % x.mod])
return output
@classmethod
def viz(self):
Side.fig_num+=1
fig = plt.figure(Side.fig_num)
plt.title(self.__name__)
plt.xticks([-0.5,0.5,1.5,2.5], ['','','','']);
plt.yticks([-0.5,0.5,1.5,2.5], ['','','','']);
plt.imshow(np.reshape(self.view_side(), (3,3)),origin='upper',interpolation='nearest',cmap=self.cmap, norm=self.norm)
plt.grid(which='major',color='black', linestyle='-', linewidth=2)
class TopSide(Side):
pieces = [7,8,9,4,5,6,1,2,3]
side = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
class BottomSide(Side):
pieces = [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27]
side = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
class FrontSide(Side):
pieces = [1,2,3,10,11,12,19,20,21]
side = [1,1,2,0,0,0,2,1,1]
class BackSide(Side):
pieces = [9,8,7,18,17,16,27,26,25]
side = [1,1,2,0,0,0,2,1,1]
class LeftSide(Side):
pieces = [7,4,1,16,13,10,25,22,19]
side = [1,1,2,1,0,1,2,1,1]
class RightSide(Side):
pieces = [3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27]
side = [1,1,2,1,0,1,2,1,1]
def view_cube():
TopSide.viz()
FrontSide.viz()
RightSide.viz()
BackSide.viz()
LeftSide.viz()
BottomSide.viz()
def validate():
a = TopSide.view_side()
b = FrontSide.view_side()
c = RightSide.view_side()
d = BackSide.view_side()
e = LeftSide.view_side()
f = BottomSide.view_side()
return a.count(a[0]) == len(a) and b.count(b[0]) == len(b) and c.count(c[0]) == len(c) \
and d.count(d[0]) == len(d) and e.count(e[0]) == len(e) and f.count(f[0]) == len(f)
Then, we define the Moves of a Rubik's Cube.
class Move:
pos_list = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
orient_adjust = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
count = 0
@classmethod
def run(self, num=1):
for i in range(num%4):
self.reorient()
self.swap()
Move.count += 1
@classmethod
def reorient(self):
for i in range(len(self.pos_list)):
position[self.pos_list[i]].add_orient(self.orient_adjust[i])
@classmethod
def swap(self):
a6 = position[self.pos_list[6]]
a7 = position[self.pos_list[7]]
for i in range(len(self.pos_list)-2):
position[self.pos_list[7-i]] = position[self.pos_list[5-i]]
position[self.pos_list[0]] = a6
position[self.pos_list[1]] = a7
class LU_Move(Move):
pos_list = [1,4,7,16,25,22,19,10]
orient_adjust = [1,0,-1,0,1,0,-1,0]
class MU_Move(Move):
pos_list = [2,5,8,17,26,23,20,11]
orient_adjust = [1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0]
class RU_Move(Move):
pos_list = [3,6,9,18,27,24,21,12]
orient_adjust = [-1,0,1,0,-1,0,1,0]
class TL_Move(Move):
pos_list = [1,4,7,8,9,6,3,2]
orient_adjust = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
class ML_Move(Move):
pos_list = [10,13,16,17,18,15,12,11]
orient_adjust = [1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0]
class BL_Move(Move):
pos_list = [19,22,25,26,27,24,21,20]
orient_adjust = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
class RLU_Move(Move):
pos_list = [1,10,19,20,21,12,3,2]
orient_adjust = [-1,1,1,1,-1,1,1,1]
class RMU_Move(Move):
pos_list = [4,13,22,23,24,15,6,5]
orient_adjust = [1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0]
class RRU_Move(Move):
pos_list = [7,16,25,26,27,18,9,8]
orient_adjust = [1,1,-1,1,1,1,-1,1]
def RotateDown(num=1):
for i in range(num%4):
LU_Move.run();MU_Move.run();RU_Move.run()
def RotateRight(num=1):
for i in range(num%4):
TL_Move.run();ML_Move.run();BL_Move.run()
def RotateCC(num=1): #counter-clockwise
for i in range(num%4):
RLU_Move.run();RMU_Move.run();RRU_Move.run()
def mixup(n=100):
moves = [LU_Move,MU_Move,RU_Move,TL_Move,ML_Move,BL_Move,RLU_Move,RMU_Move,RRU_Move]
for i in range(n):
moves[np.random.randint(9)].run()
This is the algorithm I use to solve a Rubik's Cube.
def find_piece(faces):
for i in range(len(position)):
if set(position[i].faces()) == set(faces):
return i
def solve():
while (not validate()):
print("Checking...")
for i in range(4):
RotateRight()
solve_topcross()
for i in range(4):
RotateRight()
solve_topcorners()
for i in range(4):
RotateRight()
solve_middle()
solve_bottomcornerswap()
solve_bottomcornerorient()
solve_bottomcross()
RotateDown()
print("Solved! Total number of moves: " + str(Move.count))
return 'Solved!'
def solve_topcross():
topface = TopSide.view_side()
frontface = FrontSide.view_side()
topcolor = topface[4]
frontcolor = frontface[4]
if (topface[7] != topcolor or frontface[1] != frontcolor):
piece_index = find_piece([topcolor,frontcolor])
if piece_index in [2,6,8,4]:
on_top = [2,6,8,4].index(piece_index)
RotateRight(on_top)
run_topcross_algorithm(False)
RotateRight(4-on_top)
piece_index = find_piece([topcolor,frontcolor])
if piece_index in [12,10,16,18]:
in_middle = [12,10,16,18].index(piece_index)
RotateRight(4-in_middle)
run_middle_algorithm(False)
RotateRight(in_middle)
piece_index = find_piece([topcolor,frontcolor])
alt = (position[piece_index].faces()[position[piece_index].ori()] == frontcolor) #alt is not double-flip
num_bl_moves = [20,24,26,22].index(piece_index)
BL_Move.run(num_bl_moves)
run_topcross_algorithm(alt)
assert (TopSide.view_side()[7] == topcolor and FrontSide.view_side()[1] == frontcolor), 'topcross solver didnt work'
def run_topcross_algorithm(alt=False):
if alt:
RLU_Move.run(3)
ML_Move.run(3)
RLU_Move.run()
ML_Move.run()
else:
RLU_Move.run(2)
def solve_topcorners():
for i in range(4):
topface = TopSide.view_side()
frontface = FrontSide.view_side()
rightface = RightSide.view_side()
topcolor = topface[4]
frontcolor = frontface[4]
rightcolor = rightface[4]
if (topface[8] != topcolor or frontface[2] != frontcolor or rightface[0] != rightcolor):
piece_index = find_piece([frontcolor,rightcolor,topcolor])
if piece_index in [3,1,7,9]:
on_top = [3,1,7,9].index(piece_index)
RotateRight(4-on_top)
run_topcorners_algorithm(False)
RotateRight(on_top)
piece_index = find_piece([frontcolor,rightcolor,topcolor])
alt = (position[piece_index].faces()[position[piece_index].ori()] == rightcolor) #alt is right face to top
num_bl_moves = [21,27,25,19].index(piece_index)
BL_Move.run(num_bl_moves)
run_topcorners_algorithm(alt)
topface = TopSide.view_side()
frontface = FrontSide.view_side()
rightface = RightSide.view_side()
assert (topface[8] == topcolor and frontface[2] == frontcolor and rightface[0] == rightcolor), \
'topcorners solver didnt work'
def run_topcorners_algorithm(alt=False):
if alt:
BL_Move.run(1)
RU_Move.run(3)
BL_Move.run(3)
RU_Move.run(1)
else:
RLU_Move.run(3)
BL_Move.run(3)
RLU_Move.run(1)
def solve_middle():
frontface = FrontSide.view_side()
rightface = RightSide.view_side()
frontcolor = frontface[4]
rightcolor = rightface[4]
if (frontface[5] != frontcolor or rightface[3] != rightcolor):
piece_index = find_piece([frontcolor,rightcolor])
if piece_index in [12,10,16,18]:
in_middle = [12,10,16,18].index(piece_index)
RotateRight(4-in_middle)
run_middle_algorithm(False)
RotateRight(in_middle)
piece_index = find_piece([frontcolor,rightcolor])
alt = (position[piece_index].faces()[position[piece_index].ori()] == rightcolor) #alt is right face to front middle
num_bl_moves = ([20,24,26,22].index(piece_index) - int(alt))
BL_Move.run(num_bl_moves)
run_middle_algorithm(alt)
frontface = FrontSide.view_side()
rightface = RightSide.view_side()
assert (frontface[5] == frontcolor and rightface[3] == rightcolor), 'middle solver didnt work'+str(alt)
def run_middle_algorithm(alt=False):
if alt:
BL_Move.run(2)
RU_Move.run(3)
BL_Move.run(1)
RU_Move.run(1)
BL_Move.run(3)
RLU_Move.run(3)
BL_Move.run(3)
RLU_Move.run(1)
else:
BL_Move.run(2)
RLU_Move.run(3)
BL_Move.run(1)
RLU_Move.run(1)
BL_Move.run(1)
RU_Move.run(3)
BL_Move.run(3)
RU_Move.run(1)
def solve_bottomcornerswap(): #swap corners
bottomcolor = BottomSide.view_side()[4]
frontcolor = FrontSide.view_side()[4]
backcolor = BackSide.view_side()[4]
rightcolor = RightSide.view_side()[4]
leftcolor = LeftSide.view_side()[4]
corners = [find_piece([frontcolor,bottomcolor,rightcolor]),find_piece([backcolor,bottomcolor,rightcolor]), \
find_piece([backcolor,bottomcolor,leftcolor]),find_piece([frontcolor,bottomcolor,leftcolor])] #[21,27,25,19]
num_bl_moves = ([21,27,25,19].index(corners[0]))
BL_Move.run(num_bl_moves) #first element lines up
corners = [find_piece([frontcolor,bottomcolor,rightcolor]),find_piece([backcolor,bottomcolor,rightcolor]), \
find_piece([backcolor,bottomcolor,leftcolor]),find_piece([frontcolor,bottomcolor,leftcolor])] #[21,27,25,19]
if (corners[1] == 19):
RotateRight(3)
run_bottomcornerswap_algorithm()
RotateRight(1)
x = corners.index(25)
corners[x],corners[1] = corners[1],corners[x]
if (corners[1] == 25):
RotateRight(2)
run_bottomcornerswap_algorithm()
RotateRight(2)
x = corners.index(27)
corners[x],corners[1] = corners[1],corners[x] #second element lines up
if (corners[2] == 19):
RotateRight(3)
run_bottomcornerswap_algorithm()
RotateRight(1)
x = corners.index(25)
corners[x],corners[2] = corners[2],corners[x] #third element lines up
assert corners == [21,27,25,19], 'something went wrong with my logic, bottomcornerswap' + str(corners)
corners = [find_piece([frontcolor,bottomcolor,rightcolor]),find_piece([backcolor,bottomcolor,rightcolor]), \
find_piece([backcolor,bottomcolor,leftcolor]),find_piece([frontcolor,bottomcolor,leftcolor])] #[21,27,25,19]
assert corners == [21,27,25,19], 'bottomcornerswap solver not working' + str(corners)
def run_bottomcornerswap_algorithm():
RU_Move.run(3)
BL_Move.run(1)
RU_Move.run(1)
RLU_Move.run(3)
BL_Move.run(3)
RLU_Move.run(1)
RU_Move.run(3)
BL_Move.run(3)
RU_Move.run(1)
BL_Move.run(2)
def solve_bottomcornerorient():
bottomcolor = BottomSide.view_side()[4]
frontcolor = FrontSide.view_side()[4]
backcolor = BackSide.view_side()[4]
rightcolor = RightSide.view_side()[4]
leftcolor = LeftSide.view_side()[4]
corners = [find_piece([frontcolor,bottomcolor,rightcolor]),find_piece([backcolor,bottomcolor,rightcolor]), \
find_piece([backcolor,bottomcolor,leftcolor]),find_piece([frontcolor,bottomcolor,leftcolor])] #[21,27,25,19]
orients = [(position[i].faces()[position[i].ori()] == bottomcolor) for i in corners]
if orients.count(True) == 4:
return True
while orients.count(True) != 1:
if orients.count(True) > 1:
while ((FrontSide.view_side()[8]) == FrontSide.view_side()[4]):
RotateRight()
run_bottomcornerorient_algorithm()
orients = [(position[i].faces()[position[i].ori()] == bottomcolor) for i in corners]
RotateRight(orients.index(True))
for a in range(2):
if orients.count(True) != 4:
run_bottomcornerorient_algorithm()
orients = [(position[i].faces()[position[i].ori()] == bottomcolor) for i in corners]
assert(orients.count(True) == 4), 'bottomcornerorient solver not working'
def run_bottomcornerorient_algorithm():
RRU_Move.run(3)
BL_Move.run(1)
RRU_Move.run(1)
BL_Move.run(1)
RRU_Move.run(3)
BL_Move.run(2)
RRU_Move.run(1)
BL_Move.run(2)
def solve_bottomcross():
bottomface = BottomSide.view_side()
frontface = FrontSide.view_side()
backface = BackSide.view_side()
rightface = RightSide.view_side()
leftface = LeftSide.view_side()
bottomcolor = bottomface[4]
frontcolor = frontface[4]
backcolor = backface[4]
rightcolor = rightface[4]
leftcolor = leftface[4]
num_done = int(frontface.count(frontcolor) == len(frontface)) + \
int(backface.count(backcolor) == len(backface)) + \
int(rightface.count(rightcolor) == len(rightface)) + \
int(leftface.count(leftcolor) == len(leftface))
cross = [find_piece([frontcolor,bottomcolor]),find_piece([bottomcolor,rightcolor]), \
find_piece([backcolor,bottomcolor]),find_piece([bottomcolor,leftcolor])] #[20,24,26,22]
orients = [(position[i].faces()[position[i].ori()] == bottomcolor) for i in cross]
if num_done == 4:
return True #done!
if num_done == 0: #beginning of stage
if (cross[0] == 24 and not orients[0]) or (cross[0] == 26 and orients[0]):
RotateRight(3)
elif (cross[1] == 26 and not orients[1]) or (cross[1] == 22 and orients[1]):
pass
elif (cross[2] == 22 and not orients[2]) or (cross[2] == 20 and orients[2]):
RotateRight(1)
elif (cross[3] == 20 and not orients[3]) or (cross[3] == 24 and orients[3]):
RotateRight(2)
else:
if (cross[0] == 26):
pass
elif (cross[1] == 22):
RotateRight(1)
elif (cross[2] == 20):
RotateRight(2)
elif (cross[3] == 24):
RotateRight(3)
RotateDown()
RLU_Move.run(3)
ML_Move.run(3)
RLU_Move.run(1)
ML_Move.run(1)
RotateDown(3)
return False #needs middle swap. if logic error, print these: str(num_done)+str(orients)+str(cross)
else:
while (FrontSide.view_side().count(FrontSide.view_side()[0]) != 9):
RotateRight()
if num_done == 1 and orients.count(True) != 4:
return False
run_bottomcross_algorithm()
solve_bottomcross()
def run_bottomcross_algorithm():
LU_Move.run()
RU_Move.run()
RLU_Move.run()
LU_Move.run(3)
RU_Move.run(3)
BL_Move.run(2)
LU_Move.run()
RU_Move.run()
RLU_Move.run()
LU_Move.run(3)
RU_Move.run(3)
You can play with the cube by executing moves, and view it by running view_cube()
.
position=reset_cube()
view_cube()
RU_Move.run(2)
view_cube()
mixup(n)
runs n random moves on the cube. It's like mixing the cube up!
position=reset_cube()
mixup(100)
view_cube()
solve()
will run an algorithm to finish the cube.
%time solve() #magic %time command to time the function
view_cube()
Solved! Total number of moves: 556 CPU times: user 350 µs, sys: 134 µs, total: 484 µs Wall time: 384 µs
Let's mix it up and try again.
position = reset_cube()
mixup(1000)
view_cube()
solve()
view_cube()
Checking... Checking... Solved! Total number of moves: 1503
Now you try! Have fun :)
position = reset_cube()
MU_Move.run(2)
ML_Move.run(2)
RMU_Move.run(2)
view_cube()