#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8

# # Functions and Methods Homework Solutions
# ____
# **Write a function that computes the volume of a sphere given its radius.**

# In[25]:


def vol(rad):
    return (4.0/3)*(3.14)*(rad**3)


# ___
# **Write a function that checks whether a number is in a given range (Inclusive of high and low)**

# In[7]:


def ran_check(num,low,high):
    #Check if num is between low and high (including low and high)
    if num in range(low,high+1):  
        print " %s is in the range" %str(num)  
    else :  
        print "The number is outside the range."


# If you only wanted to return a boolean:

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def ran_bool(num,low,high):
    return num in range(low,high+1)


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ran_bool(3,1,10)


# ____
# **Write a Python function that accepts a string and calculate the number of upper case letters and lower case letters.**
# 
#     Sample String : 'Hello Mr. Rogers, how are you this fine Tuesday?'
#     Expected Output : 
#     No. of Upper case characters : 4
#     No. of Lower case Characters : 33
# 
# If you feel ambitious, explore the Collections module to solve this problem!

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def up_low(s):
    d={"upper":0, "lower":0}
    for c in s:
        if c.isupper():
            d["upper"]+=1
        elif c.islower():
            d["lower"]+=1
        else:
            pass
    print "Original String : ", s
    print "No. of Upper case characters : ", d["upper"]
    print "No. of Lower case Characters : ", d["lower"]


# In[12]:


s = 'Hello Mr. Rogers, how are you this fine Tuesday?'
up_low(s)


# ____
# **Write a Python function that takes a list and returns a new list with unique elements of the first list.**
# 
#     Sample List : [1,1,1,1,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,5]
#     Unique List : [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

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def unique_list(l):
    # Also possible to use list(set())
    x = []
    for a in l:
        if a not in x:
            x.append(a)
    return x


# In[14]:


unique_list([1,1,1,1,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,5])


# ____
# **Write a Python function to multiply all the numbers in a list.**
# 
#     Sample List : [1, 2, 3, -4]
#     Expected Output : -24

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def multiply(numbers):  
    total = 1
    for x in numbers:
        total *= x  
    return total  


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multiply([1,2,3,-4])


# ____
# **Write a Python function that checks whether a passed string is palindrome or not.**
# 
# Note: A palindrome is word, phrase, or sequence that reads the same backward as forward, e.g., madam or nurses run.

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def palindrome(s):
    
    s = s.replace(' ','') # This replaces all spaces " " with no space ''. (Fixes issues with strings that have spaces)
    return s == s[::-1] # Check through slicing


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palindrome('nurses run')


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palindrome('abcba')


# ____
# **Hard**:
# 
# Write a Python function to check whether a string is pangram or not.
# 
#     Note : Pangrams are words or sentences containing every letter of the alphabet at least once.
#     For example : "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"
# 
# Hint: Look at the string module

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import string

def ispangram(str1, alphabet=string.ascii_lowercase):  
    alphaset = set(alphabet)  
    return alphaset <= set(str1.lower())  


# In[22]:


ispangram("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog")


# In[23]:


string.ascii_lowercase


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