allies = ['USA','UK','France','New Zealand', 'Australia','Canada','Poland']; allies len(allies) allies.append('China'); allies allies.sort(); allies allies.sort(); allies allies[0] allies[-1] del allies[0]; allies allies.append(3442); allies Parentheses are optional, but useful. usa = ('Texas', 'California', 'Maryland'); usa countries = ('canada', 'mexico', usa); countries countries[2] countries[2][2] staff = {'Chris' : 'chris@stater.org', 'Jake' : 'jake@stater.org', 'Ashley' : 'ashley@stater.org', 'Shelly' : 'shelly@stater.org' } staff['Chris'] del staff['Chris']; staff staff['Guido'] = 'guido@python.org'; staff BRI = set(['brazil', 'russia', 'india']) 'india' in BRI 'usa' in BRI BRIC = BRI.copy() BRIC.add('china') BRIC.issuperset(BRI) BRI.remove('russia') BRI & BRIC