a = 10
a

type(a)

a = 1.0
a

type(a)

a = 1 / 2
a

type(a)

s = 'Hello world!'
s

len(s)

s[1]

'Foo' + 'Bar'

l = [1, 2, 3]
l

type(l)

l = list(range(1, 10))
l

len(l)

l[-1]

l[:5]

l[5:]

l[::2]

l[::-1]

l.append([10, 11, 12])
l

l[-1]

l.extend([13, 14, 15])
l

l = range(100000)

d = {'a': 1, 'b':2, 'c': 3}
d

type(d)

d['a']

d.keys()

d.values()

for k, v in d.items():
    print(k, v)

s = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'c'}
s

type(s)

's' in s

s.union({'a', 'b', 'f'})

def square_loop(l):
    rv = []
    for v in l:
        rv.append(v**2)
    return rv

square_loop(range(5))

def square_comprehension(l):
    return [v**2 for v in l]

square_comprehension(range(5))

l = range(100000)

%timeit square_loop(l)

%timeit square_comprehension(l)

import math

math.pi

math.sqrt(2)

math.exp(1)

math.log(math.e)